Sodium bicarbonate commonly known as baking soda, is a white, crystalline powder with mildly alkaline properties. It is widely used as a leavening agent in baking, an antacid for heartburn, a cleaning and deodorizing agent, and in industrial processes such as water treatment and fire extinguishers. Reacting with acids, it releases carbon dioxide, making it versatile for various applications. Safe, affordable, and environmentally friendly, it is an essential household and industrial compound.